Accident Detection and Emergency Reporting System  Using ESP32, ADXL335, GPS, and GSM

Abstract : Road accidents are a significant global issue, often leading to severe injuries and fatalities due to delayed emergency response times. This paper presents an accident detection and reporting system designed to reduce response times and improve the chances of survival for accident victims. The system leverages an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with an ADXL335 accelerometer to detect sudden impacts, a GPS module (NEO-7M) for location tracking, and a SIM800L GSM module for instant notification. Upon detecting a collision, the system verifies the event using limit switches, retrieves the GPS coordinates, and sends an SMS alert to emergency services and predefined contacts, including the nearest hospital and police station. The proposed solution is cost-effective, easy to implement, and aims to improve road safety by ensuring timely assistance for accident victims. Additionally, the data collected could support authorities in identifying accident-prone areas and enhancing traffic infrastructure. This system ensures faster emergency response, potentially reducing fatalities by increasing the chances of delivering first aid within the critical golden hour. The solution is designed to be user friendly and practical, ensuring even non-technical users can operate it seamlessly. Furthermore, the low-cost components and compact structure make it suitable for widespread implementation, especially in developing regions where road safety infrastructure may be limited. Beyond individual safety, the proposed system has the potential to provide authorities with valuable data, helping to identify high-risk areas and improve urban planning and traffic management. Future improvements may include incorporating machine learning to differentiate between real accidents and false alarms and integrating alternative communication methods like satellite networks or LoRa to overcome connectivity challenges in rural and remote regions. The proposed system offers a reliable, affordable, and scalable approach to accident detection and emergency response, aiming to enhance public safety and mitigate the devastating impact of road accidents on individuals and society.

Keyword Accident Detection, ESP32, ADXL335 Accelerometer, GPS, SIM800L, GSM, Emergency Notification.